Wednesday, April 22, 2009

Adverbs

(1) good vs well
Only well can be used as adverb. Good is always an adjective.
good refers to morality of quality and well refers to health.
eg I feel good about my work.
I am doing well.( means I am fine and in good health.)

Use like before noun or pronoun
Use as before a clause, adverb or prepositional phrase.
Use as if/as though before a clause.

Pronoun Rules

1.Singular pronouns should be used when they are taking the place of a singular word. Plural pronouns should be used when they are taking the place of a plural word or group.
Example: A plural pronoun should be used in the following sentence to refer to the girls.

When the girls became hungry she went to the restaurant to get something to eat.

When the girls became hungry they went to the restaurant to get something to eat.

2.It is important to figure out what antecendent the pronoun is refrering to, because a pronoun can refer to only antecendent. Sometimes you will come across a sentence where the antecendent is not clear, this is called a pronound reference error and needs to be fixed.

Example: They will be coming over for dinner soon.

Who are 'they' in the preceeding sentence, and what noun is 'they' referring to?

Guests will be coming over for dinner soon.

(3). A pronoun should refer to one and only one noun or compound noun. This is the most common error in test questions. If a pronoun follows two nouns, it is often unclear which of the nouns the pronoun refers to.

Incorrect - The destabilization of the economy has left unstable stocks in the hands of frightened investors. It is imperative that they be more tightly controlled.

Correct - The destabilization of the economy has left unstable stocks in the hands of frightened investors. It is imperative that the unstable stocks be more tightly controlled.

(4) Definite Pronouns - Has antecedents.
Indefinite Pronouns - Has no antecedents.

Always singular Indefinite Pronoun - Anybody, either, one, each, none, anyone, neither, another, some one, each one,anything, nobody,
somebody,no-one, something, everybody, nothing, everyone, whatever, everything, whichever, whoever.

Always plural Indefinite Pronouns - Both, few, others, several.

Sometimes singular sometimes plural Indefinite Pronouns -All, many, some, any, most.

e.g


Everything was in its place.
Everyone at the meeting voiced his/her opinion.

Singular or plural depends on number of word or phrase to which it refers.

e.g


Some of the grass has lost its colour.
Some of the flowers have lost their petals.

6). A pronoun must also agree with its antecedent in person

Incorrect - When atheletes break training rules,we sometimes pay with poor performances.
Correct - When atheletes break training rules,they sometimes pay with poor performances.

(7). Subject form of pronoun always comes after ‘than’ or ‘as’.

eg

Peggy is smaller than I (am).

(8). Indefinite pronouns which are always singular require singular verbs.

eg


Somebody has left her purse.
Everyone has done his/her homework.

(9) Pronouns either and neither require singular verbs even if seem to refer,in a sense two things.

eg


Neither of the two traffic lights is working.

(9) The object form is used after verb and preposition.

We met her in a bookstore.

She went to the bookstore with us.

(10) After 'is' and 'was' use Subject Pronoun.

The person who painted that box is I.

(11) In comparison use subject pronoun. (When using than and as)

He is better than I.

Sita is not as good as he.